نشریه مطالعات مدیریت شهری
پیاپی 29 (بهار 1396)

Todays gap between high-low expansive areas lead to policy- makers and programmers in all over the world pay attention to extension assessment in order to eliminate the gap between these areas. Due to in one place maybe there is one expansive index and one under- expansive index, in this research used different indices for determine development of many places.

For this, there one different techniques that in 1390, Ahvaz had analyzed with topsis model concerning 42 optional index. And used ANP model for get weight to indices. Method is descriptive - analytical.

  Results showed that one, two areas enjoy from more development؛ three, fore, five, six, seven, eight areas are in underdevelopmental. Topsis average is 0/311165, Standard deviation is 0/2135, dispersion is 0/686131 that represent the most gap and unequal between Ahvaz areas.

So that one, two have many gap with others and must help to be developed with suitable ways.

This paper has been prepared to assess the components of citizen participation in urban management and based on the findings and results of a survey of area 8 in Qom (City Campus)

Type of research is the application development and this Methods study is descriptive and analytical. The method has been collecting information on the library, documents and athletics by using the questionnaire construction and has been used with SPSS software.

The results suggest that the degree of citizen participation between men and women there was a significant difference between age and the participation of a significant relationship was observed. Also there are significant correlations between sense of community and citizen participation. This means that the rise of social belonging, participation of citizens has increased. Social relationships and social belonging variable high correlation with all three dimensions. There are significant correlations between sense of community and citizen participation.

Spatial and visual organization impact due to a strong role in the management of urban landscape and environment perception is notable in the pathology and organizing urban landscape of worn out tissues. This paper aims to create favorable mental perspective and to mitigate these negative views of contemporary worn out tissues and accelerate economic and social vitality to these tissues studying the role of spatial and visual organization.

 based on literature review in connection with the urban landscape, is studying the role of spatial and visual organization to create mental perspective as a tool to control and manage the urban landscape and then with the case study of Khak Sefid neighborhood as a contemporary worn out tissues is used an introduced  tool practically. 

The results of this study showed that the use of spatial and visual organization is caused upgrade aesthetic qualities, Identifying to the site, legibility of site from objective and subjective perspective and physical and functional resilience.

Visual and spatial organization as a means of creating a mental picture of the place has a significant impact on the physical and metaphysical elements regulatory environment. Spatial and visual organization impact due to a strong role in the management of urban landscape and environment perception is notable in the pathology and organizing urban landscape of worn out tissues.

Introduction and objectives of the research:

 Urban passages as one of the physical elements of the city, plays a key role at the time of the occurrence, as well as after the occurrence of the earthquake, so that the managers of the crisis is one of the reasons being the lack of extensive earthquake relief timely dimension arising from the injury the passages of speech. Research is also looking for ways to explain the role of communication in the urban areas of vulnerability in the face of the crisis. On this basis, except in terms of the nature of descriptive research analytical and objective-of the type of application-development. The Statistical Society of Tehran municipality is the District 6 is based on the dating and centralization as the sample is selected.

Data field and two for a library with tools such as DEMATEL questionnaires, books, articles and different map, collect and use the EXCEL software, MATLAB, IDRISI and ARC GIS 10, are located about analysis.

The results indicates that it is a central and southern parts of the region; the passages in terms of access to the physical structure of the network of passages,-space, access to the range, access to public open spaces, wide roads (permeability), the distance from the infinite spaces of the body, fire, and medical centers, the most over the level of vulnerability can be possessed.

Of course, it is worth mentioning that the texture and density; the crowd, pressed and consists of elements present in these sectors, as well as the role of credit in the amount of vulnerabilities going up passages.

Since the emergence of Homo sapiens, the utopianism as the strongest motivation for human efforts has always been his/her companion and contribute to conquer a wide range of human life problems and to achieve a perfect and prosperous society.

This paper aimed to conceptualize utopia and to identify the origin of idealistic and utopian thought in the two cradle of great civilizations in the east and west_ Iran & Greece.

Results revealed that although former literature shows that idealistic and utopian thought is derived from Greece civilization, but Sumerian civilization is the cradle of idealism and utopia. The investigation of the origin of idealism and utopias in Iran and Greece shows that ancient myths and Judeo-Christian foundations in Europe and Zoroastrian-Islamic foundations in Iran have shaped valuable perceptions and expectations and then gradually have fostered deepest layers of idealism in people conscious and unconscious. In the next stages, these unconsciousness has emerged period to period and from one generation to other generations.

Contrary to common belief,Sumerian civilization is the cradle of idealism and utopia and its Myths is underlie for the prosperity of utopianism school in the next centuries. Before any analysis the utopian thinking, study and understanding of ancient myths and Judeo-Christian foundations in Europe and Zoroastrian-Islamic foundations in Iran is an absolute necessity.

Introduction and objectives of the study :

  since dimensions of organizational structure which includes formalization, centralization, complexity of management tools, and changeability is in hands of officials in Human Resource Development Department of Tehran Municipality, this study has been conducted to investigate relationship between employee empowerment and organization structure in this department.

Methodology  : 

 at first, relationship between organizational structure and employee empowerment in municipality of Tehran was considered based on Robbins` (1993) standard model of organizational structure and standard model of empowerment Spereitzer (1995) and based on investigated validity and reliability, final version of questionnaire was developed and after confirmation, data were collected, analyzed and research questions were answered.

1- regardless of lack of effect in complexity dimension, organizational structure has a positive effect on employee empowerment. 2- There is not any significant relationship between complexity and employee empowerment. 3- There is a significant relationship between formalization and employee empowerment. 4- There is a significant relationship between centralization and employee empowerment.

1-results showed that main hypothesis of the study, there is a significant relationship between extant organizational structure of the firm and psychological empowerment of employees, was confirmed. 2- There is a significant relationship between formalization and employee empowerment in Development Department of Tehran Municipality. 3- There is a significant relationship between centralization and employee empowerment in Development Department of Tehran Municipality. 4- Results from testing hypothesis showed that there is not any significant relationship between complexity of organizational structure dimensions and employee empowerment.

  Optimal use and equitable access to land, it is a basic component of sustainable development and social justice. Today, the concept of urban land conference space in terms of nature, physical and social well economically has been a qualitative change And consequently the dimensions and objectives of urban land use is also very rich and wider.  Urban land use planning, urban land use planning as to how to organize spatial distribution and land conservation and urban functions in accordance with the wishes and needs of society and specifies the types of use land. The aim of this study was to identify and evaluate urban land from the perspective of social justice in order to achieve appropriate standards and principles of sustainable urban development planning.

Purpose and terms of the type of research is descriptive and analytical method That by taking two important parameters affecting land use( Including capacity and social justice) And adjacent nearest neighbor procedures in the software GIS and model LQi urban spatial factor in the quality and quantity of puts in Ahvaz.

Foun:

   Quantitative  assessment of the status quo and use per capita levels in seven areas of Ahvaz, Based the model LQi in most areas has shown that per capita rate is lower than one and faced with shortage. The qualitative findings show based on the nearest adjacent. That applications such as residential, green space, health care, industrial, administrative, municipal facilities and equipment have been distributed in Ahvaz on cluster pattern The concentration of these this was not justice-oriented applications and are concentrated in certain parts of the city.

  The results of this study suggest that users do not have good spatial distribution in the metropolis Ahvaz. And also uses the analyses of turmoil quantitative and qualitative indicators of capacity and social justice applications are seven areas in Ahvaz.